Prostate Enlargement (BPH)
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia is a health condition characterized by the enlargement of the prostate gland, which puts pressure on the urinary tract. It typically occurs in people aged 40 and older and increases in prevalence with age. Enlargement of the prostate does not always indicate malignancy, but it can cause symptoms that can negatively impact quality of life.
BPH Symptoms:
• Frequent need to urinate (especially at night)
• Weakening or interrupted urine flow
• Feeling that the bladder is not completely empty after urinating
• Sudden and strong urge to urinate
• Pain or discomfort while urinating
Causes of BPH:
While the exact cause of BPH is unknown, aging and hormonal changes (especially testosterone and dihydrotestosterone levels) are thought to play a role. Genetic predisposition and lifestyle factors may also play a role in the development of BPH.
BPH Treatment Methods
BPH treatment takes into consideration the patient's age, general health, severity of symptoms, and impact on quality of life. Treatment methods are generally examined under the following headings:
1. Medication
Alpha-blockers: Help relax the muscles in the prostate and bladder neck, making it easier to pass urine (e.g., tamsulosin, alfuzosin).
• 5-alpha-reductase inhibitors: Help shrink the prostate and reduce symptoms (e.g., finasteride, dutasteride).
• Combination therapy: The combined use of alpha-blockers and 5-alpha-reductase inhibitors may provide more effective results.
• Herbal treatments: Herbal supplements such as Serenoa repens (saw palmetto) can be used to manage mild symptoms.
2. Minimally Invasive Procedures
• Rezum (Water Vapor Therapy): Water vapor is injected into the prostate tissue to reduce its volume. This method is particularly suitable for patients who do not wish to undergo surgery.
• Prostate Artery Embolization (PAE): It reduces the blood flow to the prostate and causes it to shrink.
• TUNA (Transurethral Needle Ablation): Reducing prostate tissue with radio frequency waves.
3. Surgical Treatments
• TURP (Transurethral Resection of the Prostate): It is the gold standard surgical method in which the prostate is partially removed.
• HoLEP (Holmium Laser Enucleation): Removal of prostate tissue by cutting with a laser provides minimal blood loss and a rapid recovery time.
• ThuLEP (Thulium Laser Prostatectomy): It is another less invasive laser surgery method.
• Open Prostatectomy: It is the preferred surgical method for very large prostates.
Things to Consider in BPH Treatment
1. Lifestyle Changes:
• Limiting caffeine and alcohol consumption,
• Reducing fluid intake at night,
• Regular exercise.
2. Routine Follow-up:
It is important to continue regular doctor check-ups during and after treatment to assess whether symptoms are progressing or the response to treatment is occurring.
3. Early Intervention:
Even if the symptoms are mild, consulting a urologist early is critical to prevent the disease from progressing.
BPH is a condition that impacts quality of life but can be successfully managed with the right treatment. Treatment options are tailored to each patient and generally have high success rates. If you have questions or symptoms related to BPH, it's recommended that you seek professional support from a urologist.